Table of Contents

Native Americans throughout history

• Introduction
• Paleo Period
• Archaic Period
• Woodland Period
• Mississippian Period
• Hernando De Soto's Conquest through Alabama
• The Legend of Red Bone Cave
• The Trail of Tears
• Survival Skills
• Trace Record of the Past
• The Best Way to Scout a Field
• Lessons from the Past
• Protecting Our Native American History
• Steps for Legal Arrowhead Hunting
• Jack French Hawk: Discussion with a Cherokee Indian
• The Need for Continued Research
• Native Acknowledgement

Point Types and Unique Objects

• Point Types of the Southeast
• Effigies
• Axes, Hammerstones, and Celts
• Beads and Shell Ornaments
• Gamepieces and Discodials
• Pipes
• Gorgets and Pendants
• Grinding Stone, Pestles, and Nutting Stones
• Drills
• Ceremonial Disks and Paint Bowls

Indian Mounds and Museums

• Moundville, Alabama
• Oakville Mounds
• Florence Mound and Museum
• Etowah Mounds, Cartersville, Northwest Georgia
• Museum of the Cherokee Indian, Cherokee, North Carolina
• Cahokia Mounds and Interpretive Center, Collinsville, Illinois
• Bartow County History Center, Cartersville, Georgia
• Madison County Public Library, Huntsville, Alabama (private collection)
• Burritt Museum, Huntsville, Madison County
• Desoto Falls, Alabama/Georgia State Line
• Piney Creek Mound, Limestone County
• Elk River Mound, Limestone County

Village Sites along the Tennessee River
From East (Jackson County) to West (Lauderdale County)

• Pine Island, Jackson County
• Jackson County
• Guntersville Museum: Henry Island, McKee Island, and Hampton Cave, Marshall County (courtesy of the University of Alabama)
• Guntersville Dam on the Tennessee River, Marshall County
• Paint Rock River Valley, Marshall County
• Flint River, Marshall County
• Half mile east of Hobbs Island, Madison County
• Hobbs Island Madison County
• Coffee Bluff, Morgan County
• 231 Bridge, Madison County
• Redstone Arsenal, Madison County
• Across from Redstone Arsenal, Morgan County
• 1 mile east of Plymouth Rock, Morgan County
• Plymouth Rock, Morgan County
• Across from Johnson Landing
• Johnson Landing, Morgan County
• Lewis Bluff, Morgan County
• Across from Lewis Bluff, Madison County
• Triana Landing, Madison County
• Cotaco Creek, Morgan County
• 1/2 Mile West of Cotaco Creek, Morgan County
• 1 mile west of Cotaco Creek, Madison County
• 1 mile west of Bluff City, Morgan County
• 1 mile east of Red sign, Morgan County
• Half mile west of Red sign, Morgan County
• Two miles east of Limestone Creek, Morgan County
• 1 mile west of Red sign, Morgan County
• Rockhouse Landing, Limestone County
• 1 mile west of Rockhouse Landing, Morgan County
• Limestone Creek, Limestone County
• 1 mile east of I65
• I65 Bridge, Limestone County
• South I-65 bridge near Decatur, Morgan County
• 1 mile west of I65
• Point Mallard, Morgan County
• Decatur, Limestone County
• Decatur Islands, Limestone County
• Elk River
• Limestone Creek, Sugar Creek, Elk River, Limestone County
• 7 mile island, Lauderdale County
• Wilson Lake, Lauderdale County
• Giles County, Tennessee

Limestone, Madison, and Morgan County Field Sites

• Limestone County (Limestone Creek, Elk River, Beaverdam Creek)
• Greenbrier, Limestone Creek, Beaverdam Creek, Elk River, Limestone County
• Burwell Mountain, Madison County
• Bob Wade Mountain, Madison County
• Walker Lane and the Flint River, Madison County
• Old Madison Pike and Indian Creek, Madison County
• Slaughter Road and Indian Creek, Madison County
• Research Park near Indian Creek, Huntsville, Madison County
• Harvest Road, Madison/Limestone County border
• Beaverdam Creek, North Huntsville, Madison County
• Mount Lebanon Road, Meridianville, Madison County
• Beaverdam Creek and Highway 231 North, Madison County
• Lacey Springs, Morgan County
• Meridianville, Behind the Pant's Barn, Madison County
• Old Monrovia Road, Huntsville, Madison County
• Hazelgreen, Madison County
• Winchester Road, New Market, Madison County
• Martin Road, Madison County
• Monte Sano Mountain, Madison County
• Hurricane Creek
• Bella Mina, Limestone County

Private Collections and Local Artifact Shows

• Point Types of the Southeast
• Private Collections
• Fayetteville Artifact Show, February 15, 2003
• Huntsville Artifact Show, July 13, 2003
• Decatur Artifact Show, October 11, 2003
• Athens Artifact Show, June 25, 2006

Local Artifact Dealer

• Bob Wallace Coin and Collectibles, Huntsville, Madison County
• PD's Collectibles, Shiloh, Tennessee

Pottery and Trade

• Pottery Styles and Designs of North Alabama
• All Pottery
• Cotaco Creek
• Flint River
• Hobbs Island
• Across from Lewis Bluff Pottery, Madison County
• Lewis Bluff Pottery, Morgan County
• Birdpoint Spot
• 1 mile west of Bluff City Pottery
• Red Sign Pottery
• I65

Caves and Bluff Shelters

• Russell Cave, Jackson County (Courtesy of the National Park Service)
• Excavation of a Cave near Elkmont, Alabama
• Alum Cave and Bluff Shelter
• Cathedral Caverns

Comparison of Southeast and Southwest Indians

• Bandelier, New Mexico

Indian Burials, The Discovery and Cemetaries

• Decatur Cemetary
• Green Mountain
• Discussions with the State Archaeologist about the Discovery of Human Skeletal Remains on Hobbs Island
• The Map of the Location of Discovery

Historic Maps of Alabama

• Maps Of Alabama
• Regional Archaeological Survey of 1938 (Survey of Wheeler Basin)
• North Alabama Native American Village Site Map

Arrowhead hunting and the Law

• American Indian Consultation List (Microsoft Word Document)
• Discussion with the TVA Archaeologist
• Opposition to legislation proposed to restrict Alabama waterways
• Archaeological Protection Act of 1979
• TVA - Protection of Archaeological Resources Uniform Regulations 18 CFR 1312 (Microsoft Word Document)
• Wildlife Refuge Archaeological Resource Protection Law 50 CFR 27.52 (ADOBE PDF format)

Saving History

• Saves America's Treasures Grant application
• Native American Links on the World Wide Web

Bibliography

• Native American Archeological Reports in Madison County
• TVA Archaeology Bibliography